'Killer Robot' Warfare Is Coming Closer.

US Army Multi-Mission Unmanned Ground Vehicle (MULE) Armed  Robotic Vehicle variant 

More than 100 of the world's top robotics experts wrote a letter to the United Nations recently calling for a ban on the development of "killer robots" and warning of a new arms race.

Entire regiments of unmanned tanks; drones that can spot an insurgent in a crowd of civilians; and weapons controlled by computerised "brains" that learn like we do, are all among the "smart" tech being unleashed by an arms industry many believe is now entering a "third revolution in warfare".

"In every sphere of the battlefield, in the air, on the sea, under the sea or on the land, the military around the world are now demonstrating prototype autonomous weapons," says Toby Walsh, professor of artificial intelligence at Sydney's New South Wales University.

"New technologies like deep learning are helping drive this revolution. The tech space is clearly leading the charge, and the military is playing catch-up."

One reported breakthrough giving killer machine opponents sleepless nights is Kalashnikov's "neural net" combat module. It features a 7.62mm machine gun and a camera attached to a computer system that its makers claim can make its own targeting judgements without any human control. According to Russia's state-run Tass news agency it uses "neural network technologies that enable it to identify targets and make decisions".

Unlike a conventional computer that uses pre-programmed instructions to tackle a specific but limited range of predictable possibilities, a neural network is designed to learn from previous examples then adapt to circumstances it may not have encountered before. And it is this supposed ability to make its own decisions that is worrying to many.

"If weapons are using neural networks and advanced artificial intelligence then we wouldn't necessarily know the basis on which they made the decision to attack, and that's very dangerous," says Andrew Nanson, chief technology officer at defence specialist Ultra Electronics. But he remains sceptical about some of the claims arms manufacturers are making.

Automated defence systems can already make decisions based on an analysis of a threat, the shape, size, speed and trajectory of an incoming missile, for example, and choose an appropriate response much faster than humans can. But what happens when such systems encounter something they have no experience of, but are still given the freedom to act using a "best guess" approach?

Mistakes could be disastrous, the killing of innocent civilians; the destruction of non-military targets; "friendly fire" attacks on your own side.

Many experts fear, not that AI will become too smart, taking over the world like the Skynet super-computer from the Terminator films, but that it's too stupid.

"The current problems are not with super-intelligent robots but with pretty dumb ones that cannot flexibly discriminate between civilian targets and military targets except in very narrowly contained settings," says Noel Sharkey, professor of artificial intelligence and robotics at Sheffield University.

Despite such concerns, Kalashnikov's latest products are not the only autonomous and semi-autonomous weapons being trialled in Russia. The Uran-9 is an unmanned ground combat vehicle and features a machine gun and 30mm cannon. It can be remotely controlled at distances of up to 10km. The diminutive Platform-M combat robot boasts automated targeting and can operate in extremes of heat and cold.

Meanwhile the Armata T-14 "super tank" has an autonomous turret that designer Andrei Terlikov claims will pave the way for fully autonomous tanks on the battlefield. Manufacturer Uralvagonzavod also didn't respond to BBC requests for an interview, but Prof Sharkey, who is a member of pressure group The Campaign to Stop Killer Robots, is wary of its potential.

"The T-14 is years ahead of the West, and the idea of thousands of autonomous T-14s sitting on the border with Europe does not bear thinking about," he says.

It's not just Russia developing such weapons.

Last summer, the US Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency (Darpa) equipped an ordinary surveillance drone with advanced AI designed to discern between civilians and insurgents during a test over a replica Middle Eastern village in Massachusetts. Samsung's SGR-A1 sentry gun, capable of firing autonomously, has been deployed along the South Korean side of the Korean Demilitarised Zone.

The UK's Taranis drone - which is roughly the size of a Red Arrow Hawk fighter jet - is being developed by BAE Systems. It is designed to carry a myriad of weapons long distances and will have "elements" of full autonomy, BAE says.

At sea, the USA's Sea Hunter autonomous warship is designed to operate for extended periods at sea without a single crew member, and to even guide itself in and out of port.

But could autonomous military technology also be used simply as support for human military operations?

Roland Sonnenberg, head of defence at consultancy firm PricewaterhouseCoopers, says combat simulation, logistics, threat analysis and back office functions are the more mundane, but equally important, aspects of warfare that robots and AI could perform.

"The benefits that AI has to offer are only useful if they can be applied effectively in the real world and will only be broadly adopted if companies, consumers and society trust the technology and take a responsible approach," he says.

Some argue that autonomous weapons could actually reduce the number of human casualties. But Elizabeth Quintana, senior research fellow at the Royal United Services Institute for Defence and Security Studies, disagrees.

"Deploying robotic systems might be more attractive to politicians because there would be fewer body bags coming home.

"My view is that war is an inherently human activity and that if you wage war from a distance at another group or country, they will find a way to hurt you at home because that is the only way that they can retaliate."

The prospect of autonomous weapons systems inadvertently leading to an escalation in domestic terrorism or cyber-warfare is perhaps another reason to treat this new tech with caution.

BBC

You Might Also Read: 

US Military Are Doubling Down On Robot Wars:

Managing The Rise Of The Killer Robots:

AI Is Replacing Human Made Decisions:

Self - Flying Aircraft Take To British Skies:

« ISIS Video Adds More Terror In Spain
4 Ways to Simplify Your Business Data Management »

CyberSecurity Jobsite
Perimeter 81

Directory of Suppliers

Jooble

Jooble

Jooble is a job search aggregator operating in 71 countries worldwide. We simplify the job search process by displaying active job ads from major job boards and career sites across the internet.

North Infosec Testing (North IT)

North Infosec Testing (North IT)

North IT (North Infosec Testing) are an award-winning provider of web, software, and application penetration testing.

ZenGRC

ZenGRC

ZenGRC - the first, easy-to-use, enterprise-grade information security solution for compliance and risk management - offers businesses efficient control tracking, testing, and enforcement.

The PC Support Group

The PC Support Group

A partnership with The PC Support Group delivers improved productivity, reduced costs and protects your business through exceptional IT, telecoms and cybersecurity services.

ManageEngine

ManageEngine

As the IT management division of Zoho Corporation, ManageEngine prioritizes flexible solutions that work for all businesses, regardless of size or budget.

Secure Source

Secure Source

Secure Source specialise in search and recruitment for Cyber Security and Security Cleared markets.

Guardsquare

Guardsquare

GuardSquare is the global reference in mobile application protection. We develop premium software for the protection of mobile applications against reverse engineering and hacking.

Hornetsecurity

Hornetsecurity

Meet Hornetsecurity – Leading Cloud Email Security Provider. We protect global organizations so you can focus on what you do best.

ngCERT

ngCERT

ngCERT is the National Computer Emergency Response Team for Nigeria.

SenseOn

SenseOn

SenseOn’s multiple threat-detection senses work together to detect malicious activity across an organisation’s entire digital estate, covering the gaps that single point solutions create.

Cycuity

Cycuity

Cycuity (formerly Tortuga Logic) is a cybersecurity company that is transforming the way we secure silicon with comprehensive hardware security assurance.

Tutamantic

Tutamantic

Tutamantic develops software that reduces security risks and weaknesses during the architectural and design stages.

LogicHub

LogicHub

LogicHub is built on the principle that every decision process for threat detection and response can and should be automated.

Senteon

Senteon

Senteon is a turnkey cybersecurity platform designed to make securing confidential data affordable, understandable, and streamlined for small-to-mid sized businesses and MSPs.

iManage

iManage

iManage's intelligent, cloud-enabled, secure knowledge work platform enables organizations to uncover and activate the knowledge that exists inside their business.

OpsHelm

OpsHelm

OpsHelm provides a Software-as-a-Service solution to help businesses ensure that all of their cloud environments have their security bases covered.

RapidSpike

RapidSpike

RapidSpike is the only website monitoring solution that focuses all three key aspects of website health: performance, reliability AND security.

Ignite Cyber

Ignite Cyber

IGNITE Cyber is focused on enabling secure technology adoption through intelligent business decisions. We are focused on providing a secure and stable business environment for everyone.

Hudson Rock

Hudson Rock

Hudson Rock’s products — Cavalier & Bayonet — are powered by our cybercrime database, composed of millions of machines compromised by Infostealers in global malware spreading campaigns.

Sword Group

Sword Group

Sword is a leader in data insights, digital transformation and technology services with a substantial reputation in complex IT, business projects and mission critical operations.

Beazley Security

Beazley Security

Beazley Security is a global cyber security firm committed to helping clients develop true cyber resilience: the ability to withstand and recover from any cyberattack.