Europe - The DDoS Battlefield Of 2022
Findings in the new Threat Landscape Report from the leading secure connectivity firm Arelion, cast a light on key global Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) Attack trends observed in 2022 from traffic data on its #1 ranked Internet backbone, AS1299. The Report investigates the overall impact of DDoS attacks, the evolution of specific attacks vectors and the significance of major social and geopolitical events.
The findings reveal that Europe saw the greatest concentration of DDoS activity in 2022, most likely consequences of the war in Ukraine. As with previous years, DDoS attacks appear to reflect major geo-political challenges and social tensions and have become an increasingly significant part in the hybrid warfare arsenal.
As the Ukrainian authorities sought a safe harbour for digital state registries and databases, Arelion saw the distribution of attacks move away from active conflict areas into global cloud centres, both as a result of damage to local network infrastructure, but also as local databases and applications were strategically migrated into the cloud.
Elsewhere in the world, Arelion observed lower Asia-US DDoS activity and fewer DDoS attacks to and from South America in 2022.
Attack Distribution & Intensity
In 2022, peak attack traffic in Mega Packets Per Second (Mpps) was up 19% from 2021. This trend reflects overall Internet traffic growth but is also due to a continuing shift towards fewer, but more spectacular attacks. Whilst there has been an increase in the number of large attacks (both in terms of bits and packets), the report reveals the vast majority of attacks are still small and mostly driven by free tier stress test or DDoS-as-a-Service attacks instigated by amateur cybercriminals.
Arelion saw the biggest increase in the 5-20 & 20-50 Gbps attack ranges, mainly through DNS and NTP attacks, but also Memcache due to the method’s high amplification factor. Memcached softwrae is an open source general-purpose distributed memory-caching system used to speed up dynamic database-driven websites by caching data and objects in RAM to reduce the number of times an external data source need to be read.
In part attributable to the industry wide anti-spoofing initiative, the DDoS Traceback Working Group, the number of DDoS attacks on Arelion’s global backbone decreased by over 30% in 2022 - with 50% fewer attacks directed towards customers.
Mattias Fridström, Chief Evangelist at Arelion commented that “These findings reinforce the need for a basic level of customer protection to mitigate the abundant smaller attacks, together with a solid insurance policy for the larger ones... Thankfully we are seeing a power-shift in the DDoS arms race: there is now a more decisive response by network and IT infrastructure owners to cyber threats, and they are gradually starting to fight back with better cooperation and by closing the inherent weak spots in the network that cybercriminals have exploited for so long.”
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